Route library print() calls through bt.logging

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -11,9 +11,10 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
-      # Error-level rules only for now (syntax errors, undefined names,
-      # invalid prints/f-strings). Widen as the Phase 2 burndown lands.
-      - run: uvx ruff check --select E9,F63,F7,F82 gas neurons tests
+      # Error-level rules plus T201 (no print() in library code — CLI
+      # presenters are exempted via per-file-ignores in pyproject).
+      # Widen further as the Phase 2 burndown lands.
+      - run: uvx ruff check --select E9,F63,F7,F82,T201 gas neurons tests
 
   test:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

gas/cache/media_storage.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 from typing import Dict, Any, Optional, List
 from pathlib import Path
 
+import bittensor as bt
 import cv2
 import numpy as np
 from diffusers.utils import export_to_video
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ def write_media(self, media_data: "Media") -> tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str]
             return str(save_path), str(mask_path) if mask_path else None
 
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Error writing media: {e}")
+            bt.logging.error(f"Error writing media: {e}")
             return None, None
 
     def _write_image_content(self, media_data: "Media", save_path: Path) -> None:
@@ -162,12 +163,12 @@ def read_image(
         """
         try:
             if not image_path.exists():
-                print(f"Image file not found: {image_path}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"Image file not found: {image_path}")
                 return None
 
             image = cv2.imread(str(image_path))
             if image is None:
-                print(f"Failed to load image: {image_path}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"Failed to load image: {image_path}")
                 return None
 
             if as_rgb:
@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ def read_image(
             return image
 
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Error reading image {image_path}: {e}")
+            bt.logging.error(f"Error reading image {image_path}: {e}")
             return None
 
     def read_mask(self, mask_path: Path) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
@@ -195,13 +196,13 @@ def read_mask(self, mask_path: Path) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
         """
         try:
             if not mask_path.exists():
-                print(f"Mask file not found: {mask_path}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"Mask file not found: {mask_path}")
                 return None
 
             return np.load(mask_path)
 
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Error reading mask {mask_path}: {e}")
+            bt.logging.error(f"Error reading mask {mask_path}: {e}")
             return None
 
     def read_video_frames(
@@ -223,7 +224,7 @@ def read_video_frames(
         """
         try:
             if not video_path.exists():
-                print(f"Video file not found: {video_path}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"Video file not found: {video_path}")
                 return None
 
             return sample_frames(
@@ -234,7 +235,7 @@ def read_video_frames(
             )
 
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Error reading video {video_path}: {e}")
+            bt.logging.error(f"Error reading video {video_path}: {e}")
             return None
 
     def list_media_files(
@@ -286,7 +287,7 @@ def delete_media_file(self, file_path: Path) -> bool:
             return True
 
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Error deleting media file {file_path}: {e}")
+            bt.logging.error(f"Error deleting media file {file_path}: {e}")
             return False
 
     def retrieve_media(
@@ -314,7 +315,7 @@ def retrieve_media(
         for media_entry in media_entries:
             file_path = Path(media_entry.file_path)
             if not file_path.exists():
-                print(f"Media file not found: {file_path}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"Media file not found: {file_path}")
                 continue
 
             try:
@@ -335,7 +336,7 @@ def retrieve_media(
                         mask_path = file_path.parent / (file_path.stem + "_mask.npy")
                         mask = self.read_mask(mask_path)
                         if mask is None:
-                            print(f"Mask not found for {file_path}")
+                            bt.logging.warning(f"Mask not found for {file_path}")
                             continue
 
                     item = {
@@ -372,6 +373,6 @@ def retrieve_media(
                     sampled_items.append(item)
 
             except Exception as e:
-                print(f"Error processing {file_path}: {e}")
+                bt.logging.error(f"Error processing {file_path}: {e}")
 
         return {"count": len(sampled_items), "items": sampled_items}

gas/cache/util/filesystem.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import asyncio
-import sys
 import time
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ def get_dir_size(
                 total_size += subdir_size
                 file_count += subdir_count
     except (PermissionError, OSError) as e:
-        print(f"Error accessing {path}: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+        bt.logging.warning(f"Error accessing {path}: {e}")
 
     return total_size, file_count
 
@@ -181,7 +180,7 @@ def analyze_directory(
         if log_func:
             log_func(error_msg)
         else:
-            print(error_msg, file=sys.stderr)
+            bt.logging.warning(error_msg)
 
     return result
 
@@ -215,7 +214,7 @@ def print_directory_tree(
     if log_func:
         log_func(tree_line)
     else:
-        print(tree_line)
+        print(tree_line)  # noqa: T201 - display fallback for interactive tree output
 
     num_subdirs = len(tree_data["subdirs"])
 

gas/cache/util/video.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple
 
+import bittensor as bt
 import ffmpeg
 import numpy as np
 from PIL import Image
@@ -53,15 +54,15 @@ def sample_frames(
                 height = int(video_info.get("height", 256))
                 reported_fps = float(video_info.get("fps", max_fps))
             except Exception as e:
-                print(f"Unable to extract video metadata from {str(video_path)}: {e}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"Unable to extract video metadata from {str(video_path)}: {e}")
                 return None
 
             if (
                 reported_fps > max_fps
                 or reported_fps <= 0
                 or not math.isfinite(reported_fps)
             ):
-                print(f"Unreasonable FPS ({reported_fps}) detected in {video_path}, capping at {max_fps}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"Unreasonable FPS ({reported_fps}) detected in {video_path}, capping at {max_fps}")
                 frame_rate = max_fps
             else:
                 frame_rate = reported_fps
@@ -106,19 +107,19 @@ def sample_frames(
                         frame.load()  # Verify image can be loaded
                         frames.append(np.array(frame))
                     except Exception as e:
-                        print(f"Failed to process frame at {timestamp}s: {e}")
+                        bt.logging.warning(f"Failed to process frame at {timestamp}s: {e}")
                         continue
 
                 except ffmpeg.Error as e:
-                    print(f"FFmpeg error at {timestamp}s: {e.stderr.decode()}")
+                    bt.logging.warning(f"FFmpeg error at {timestamp}s: {e.stderr.decode()}")
                     continue
 
             if len(no_data) > 0:
                 tmin, tmax = min(no_data), max(no_data)
-                print(f"No data received for {len(no_data)} frames between {tmin} and {tmax}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"No data received for {len(no_data)} frames between {tmin} and {tmax}")
 
             if not frames:
-                print(f"No frames successfully extracted from {video_path}")
+                bt.logging.warning(f"No frames successfully extracted from {video_path}")
                 return None
 
             frames = np.stack(frames, axis=0)
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ def sample_frames(
                     with open(metadata_path, "r") as f:
                         metadata = json.load(f)
                 except Exception as e:
-                    print(f"Error loading metadata for {video_path}: {e}")
+                    bt.logging.warning(f"Error loading metadata for {video_path}: {e}")
 
             result = {
                 "video": frames,
@@ -156,14 +157,14 @@ def sample_frames(
                 },
             }
 
-            print(f"Successfully sampled {actual_duration}s segment ({len(frames)} frames)")
+            bt.logging.debug(f"Successfully sampled {actual_duration}s segment ({len(frames)} frames)")
             return result
 
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Error sampling from {video_path}: {e}")
+            bt.logging.warning(f"Error sampling from {video_path}: {e}")
             continue
 
-    print("Failed to sample any video after multiple attempts")
+    bt.logging.error("Failed to sample any video after multiple attempts")
     return None 
 
 

gas/generation/util/image.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import numpy as np
 import PIL
 import os
+import bittensor as bt
 from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
 from typing import Tuple, Union, List
 
@@ -65,9 +66,9 @@ def save_images_to_disk(
             # if resize:
             #    image = resize_image(image, TARGET_IMAGE_SIZE[0], TARGET_IMAGE_SIZE[1])
             image.save(file_path, "JPEG")  # Save the image
-            print(f"Saved: {file_path}")
+            bt.logging.debug(f"Saved: {file_path}")
         except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Failed to save image {i}: {e}")
+            bt.logging.error(f"Failed to save image {i}: {e}")
 
 
 def ensure_mask_3d(mask: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:

pyproject.toml

@@ -73,6 +73,16 @@ dev = ["pytest>=8.0"]
 testpaths = ["tests"]
 pythonpath = ["."]
 
+[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
+# T201 (print): allowed in genuine CLI presenters / tools / scripts, where
+# stdout is the intended output. Library code must use bt.logging.
+"gas/cache/util/miner_stats.py" = ["T201"]
+"gas/protocol/miner_requests.py" = ["T201"]
+"neurons/discriminator/push_model.py" = ["T201"]
+"neurons/generator/helper/verify_c2pa.py" = ["T201"]
+"scripts/**" = ["T201"]
+"tests/**" = ["T201"]
+
 [tool.setuptools]
 packages = { find = { where = [
     ".",