Reproducible on-chain forensics of the original Satoshi's footprint — every figure re-derivable from public data, and never graded above what the evidence supports.
This organization builds auditable tools for one question: what is the verifiable
on-chain footprint of the original Satoshi on the original Bitcoin chain — nothing that
rests on off-chain claims or on the word "Satoshi" in someone's mouth. Every number is
re-derivable from the chain itself: a synced Bitcoin Core node, or the public
bigquery-public-data.crypto_bitcoin dataset.
| Tier | What | Certainty |
|---|---|---|
| A · Definitional | The genesis block (height 0): its coinbase message, key, and permanently-unspendable 50 BTC, hardcoded in the consensus rules. | Certain — it is the chain's first constant. |
| B · Forensic | The Patoshi cluster — one dominant early miner fingerprinted by block-header structure (Lerner, 2013). ≈22k of the first ≈50k blocks, ≈1.1M BTC, still unspent. | Statistical, not cryptographic — a fingerprint, not a signature. |
| C · Attested | Block 170 — Satoshi → Hal Finney, 10 BTC, spending block 9's Patoshi coinbase. | On-chain certain that the spend happened; "it was Satoshi" rests on B + Finney's own account. |
No genesis-era or Patoshi key has ever produced a verifying signature — only that would upgrade Tier B from attributable to proven. Every public "I am Satoshi" claim (including the BSV-side ones rejected in COPA v Wright, 2024) fails exactly this test. The ≈1.1M BTC staying silent for 15+ years is itself the strongest ongoing statement: the keys don't speak, and no impostor can make them.
Everything here is graded [forensic], never [cryptographic].
- satoshi-onchain — a reproducible
verifier + Patoshi classifier + coin-by-coin verdict tool. Faithfully reproduces Lerner's
ExtraNonce/nonce-LSB analysis, refines the raw filter into a dormancy-validated estimate
(~22.5k blocks, landing on Lerner two independent ways), and resolves any "Satoshi-era
wallet moved N BTC" headline to
GENESIS / PATOSHI / AMBIGUOUS / NOT-PATOSHI. Stdlib-only except plotting. MIT.
Sources: S. D. Lerner, "The Well Deserved Fortune of Satoshi Nakamoto" (bitslog, 2013) for the ExtraNonce/nonce methodology; the chain itself for the genesis and block-170 facts. Reproducible-measurement discipline throughout.